Margaret Thatcher-Thatcherism
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1. Content:
Content 1
Introduction 2
Margaret Thatcher 3
1925-1947: Grantham & Oxford 3
1950-1951: Candidate for Dartford 4
1951-1970: Family & Career 4
1970-1974: Education Minister 4
1975: Elected Conservative Leader 5
1975-1979: Leader of the Opposition 5
1979-1983: Prime minister - First term 5
1983-1987: Prime minister - Second term 6
1987-1990: Prime minister - Third term 7
Conclusion 9
Literature 10
2. Introduction :
Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher,(born
13 October 1925) served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to
1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990. She is the only
woman to have held either post.
Thatcherism describes the ideology, policies and
political style of the British Conservative politician Margaret Thatcher, who
was leader of her party from 1975 to 1990. It also describes the ideology of
the British government while Thatcher was Prime Minister between May 1979 and
November 1990, and beyond into the governments of John Major, Tony Blair and
Gordon Brown.
Born in Grantham in Lincolnshire, United
Kingdom, she read chemistry at Somerville College, Oxford and later trained as
a barrister. She won a seat in the 1959 general election, becoming the MP for
Finchley as a Conservative. When Edward Heath formed a government in 1970, he
appointed Thatcher Secretary of State for Education and Science. Four years
later, she backed Keith Joseph in his bid to become Conservative Party leader
but he was forced to drop out of the election. In 1975 Thatcher entered the
contest herself and became leader of the Conservative Party. At the 1979
general election she became Britain's first female Prime Minister.
In her foreword to the 1979 Conservative
manifesto, Thatcher had written of "a feeling of helplessness, that a once
great nation has somehow fallen behind." She entered 10 Downing Street
determined to reverse what she perceived as a precipitate national decline,
characterised by a combination of high inflation, high unemployment and
stagnant or slow growth. Her political philosophy and economic policies
emphasised deregulation, particularly of the financial sector, flexible labour
markets, and the selling off of state owned companies. Amid a recession and
high unemployment, Thatcher's popularity declined, though economic recovery and
the 1982 Falklands War brought a resurgence of support and she was re-elected
in 1983. She took a hard line against trade unions, survived the Brighton hotel
bombing assassination attempt and opposed the Soviet Union (her tough-talking
rhetoric gained her the nickname the "Iron Lady"); she was re-elected
for an unprecedented third term in 1987. The following years would prove
difficult, as her Poll tax plan was largely unpopular, and her views regarding
the European Community were not shared by others in her Cabinet. She resigned
as Prime Minister in November 1990 after Michael Heseltine's challenge to her
leadership of the Conservative Party.
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